WHO recommends against using LF-LAM to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in HIV-positive adults, adolescents and children: without TB symptoms and unknown CD4 cell count or without TB symptoms and CD4 cell count greater than or equal to 200 cells/mm3.

WHO recommends against using LF-LAM to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in HIV-positive adults, adolescents and children: without assessing TB symptoms.

In adults with signs and symptoms of pulmonary TB and without a prior history of TB (≤5 years) or with a remote history of TB treatment (>5 years since end of treatment), Xpert Ultra should be used as an initial diagnostic test for TB and for rifampicin-resistance detection in sputum, rather than smear microscopy/culture and phenotypic DST.

WHO suggests using LF-LAM to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in HIV-positive adults, adolescents and children: irrespective of signs and symptoms of TB and with a CD4 cell count of less than 100 cells/mm3.

WHO suggests using LF-LAM to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in HIV-positive adults, adolescents and children with signs and symptoms of TB (pulmonary and/or extrapulmonary) or seriously ill.

WHO strongly recommends using LF-LAM to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in HIV-positive adults, adolescents and children irrespective of signs and symptoms of TB and with a CD4 cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3.

WHO strongly recommends using LF-LAM to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in HIV-positive adults, adolescents and children with advanced HIV disease or who are seriously ill.

WHO strongly recommends using LF-LAM to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in HIV-positive adults, adolescents and children
with signs and symptoms of TB (pulmonary and/or extrapulmonary).

For persons with a sputum smear-positive specimen or a cultured isolate of MTBC, commercial molecular LPAs may be used as the initial test instead of phenotypic culture-based DST to detect resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid.

TB-LAMP may be used as a follow-on test to smear microscopy in adults with signs and symptoms consistent with pulmonary TB, especially when further testing of sputum smear-negative specimens is necessary.