1.2. Rationale for the development of the 2022 consolidated guidelines

Since the publication of the WHO Guidance for national tuberculosis programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children (second edition) (2014) (8),there have been numerous studies, including reviews, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic studies, qualitative research and cost-effectiveness research, which have evaluated the impact of various interventions. These are related to diagnostic approaches for TB, treatment for drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB), drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) and TB meningitis (TBM), as well as models of TB care, relevant to children and adolescents. Therefore, it was timely to review this new evidence and to update the recommendations from 2014. Other recommendations in the 2014 guidance were reviewed for their continued relevance. It was agreed that the new guidelines should be consolidated, bringing together new recommendations as well as existing recommendations with relevance to children and adolescents.

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