1.4 Rationale for the guideline update

Since the publication of the first WHO guidelines on systematic screening for TB in 2013 (5), there have been numerous studies, including reviews, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, modelling and cost–effectiveness research, evaluating the real or potential impacts of screening interventions on both individual-level and community-level outcomes related to TB. There have also been numerous prevalence surveys since 2013, which have shed new light on the magnitude of the burden of TB in several key countries. The majority of prevalence surveys have shown that the burden of TB is greater than previously thought.

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